by Eirini Tsatsaraki, Maria Basta, Georgios Kontakis and Antonis F Vakis
Original Research
Low back pain is one of the most common reasons for seeking medical help in primary health care, as one of the most common conditions that cause chronic pain. There are several studies associating low back pain with depression, because of the general passive attitude of depressed people and the general psychological factors of depressed people which are involved in chronic low back pain and low back pain. Although studies have shown an association between low back pain and depression, little is known about the role of socio-demographic factors that may also play a role in this association. In particular, in Crete, with its particular socio-economic and environmental (climatic) characteristics, there is no relevant research on the relationship between back pain and depression. The aim of this study is to identify the association between low back pain and depression in patients of a large Greek region, the Region of Crete, in order to contribute to the entire Greek literature, but also to the overall effort to find solutions for patients back pain, who also have problems with depression. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, a quantitative survey was conducted. According to the results of the present study, it is concluded that the pain is more intense and affects more these patients suffering from low back pain, in contrast to the patients of the control group. In addition, severe and chronic low back pain affects both the depression and anxiety of these patients, who have more sleep problems than the control group, where there is no correlation.
American Journal of Clinical Medicine Research. 2021, 9(2), 53-59. DOI: 10.12691/ajcmr-9-2-4
Pub. Date: November 15, 2021
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by Abdulhakeem Alqarni, Waleed Kattan, Khalid Alzahrani and Ahmed Elkhashab
Original Research
Background: Understanding the effect of accreditation on healthcare outputs and outcomes and the cost savings associated with accreditation is valuable for policymakers as well as hospitals facing the decision to commit potentially limited resources to the accreditation process. Literature reviews on the effects of accreditation on the quality of care do not deliver strong evidence due to limitations of the studies. Aim of the study: The aim of the current study is to determine the impact of the CBAHI accreditation on efficiency rate and patient's safety measures on three different hospitals in Makkah city. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cohort research design was utilized to achieve the aim of the study. Data required for this study was obtained from available electronic medical records and quality management departments data base from three different hospitals in Makkah city that has different functions and sectors. Data which has been collected concerning bed occupancy rate, bed turnover rate, average length of stay and cancellation rate as variables to measure the efficiency rate in addition to rate of medication errors/ 1000 dispensed doses, rate of patient falls, mortality rate, hospital acquired pressure ulcer and surgical site infection as variables to measure the patients safety profile in the involved hospitals after getting the approval from the quality department seniors that those factors are reflecting both efficiency and patients safety status. Data was collected the data from January 2016 to March 2020 which has the data of 15 months before the accreditation, and we will compare it with the data of 36 months after the accreditation for the same variables and monitor the progression of those variables after accreditation. Results: No statistically significant differences were found related to efficiency rate and patient safety before and after CBAHI accreditation 2017. Also, no statistically significant differences found related to efficiency rate and patient safety before and after CBAHI reaccreditation 2020 except bed turnover rate. Conclusion: Research measuring the impact of CBAHI accreditation on efficiency rate and patient's safety measures using methodologically strong designs is lacking So, more rigorous designs are needed to establish causal links between the accreditation and outcomes.
American Journal of Clinical Medicine Research. 2021, 9(2), 48-52. DOI: 10.12691/ajcmr-9-2-3
Pub. Date: October 18, 2021
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by Alwadei Mohamed, Taher Nada, Saleh Yasir, Alharthi Bassam, Kutbi Omniyyah, Algaedy Renad and Banah Anas
Original Research
Background: Patients with Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) infection can develop varying degrees of illness severity. A critical decision point for all frontline providers affects to whether a given patient is at high risk for severe illness and thus needs inpatient care as opposed to recovery at home. Aim of the study: The aim of the current study is to assess the outcomes of the suspected Covid-19 patients who were swabbed after presenting to the Emergency Department at King Abdullah Medical City and their result came positive for Covid-19. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective pilot study was conducted at KAMC, Holy Makkah-Saudi Arabia. Fifty-one positive covid-19 patients were included at this study. The demographic data, presenting complaint, The Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS), comorbidities, discharging vital signs, and hospital revisits were extracted from the electronic medical records (EMR) using Trakcare system. Patients were followed up by phone calls after discharge from the ER for 14 days. Information regarding KAMC hospital revisit or other hospital revisit, quarantine location and length, seeking medical advice, and non-hospital revisit were obtained from the patients or their relatives. Data was collected from15th of March 2020 till 15th of June 2020. Then the outcomes were assessed. Chi-square test and independent sample t-test were used to compare proportions and continuous variables, respectively. The binary logistic regression calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI for the interested predictors. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: oxygen saturation was found to be the only independent predictor of revisiting COVID 19 patients (OR=0.46; P=0.009). Conclusion: oxygen saturation was found to be the only independent predictor of revisiting COVID 19 patients.
American Journal of Clinical Medicine Research. 2021, 9(2), 43-47. DOI: 10.12691/ajcmr-9-2-2
Pub. Date: September 09, 2021
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by Venkataramana Kandi and Sabitha Vadakedath
Review Article
Human health is plagued by several challenges throughout life. Different endogenous and exogenous factors influence the well-being of humans. The endogenous factors may be the enzymes and hormonal functions that alter the normal human physiological status and cause diseases like metabolic disorders, organ dysfunctions (liver diseases, heart diseases), and several others. Also, the human immune system and the cells involved in the immune responses may be disturbed causing autoimmune disorders, and tumors/cancers/malignancies. The exogenous reasons for human illnesses may be infectious diseases caused by microbes, chemicals, toxins, and others to those humans get exposed during their lifetime. The management of such illnesses and diseases is generally carried out by qualified physicians, and surgeons, and respective clinical experts in healthcare institutions that include hospitals. The drugs, devices, and other agents used to manage human diseases are synthesized and tested exhaustively before being approved and marketed for human use for their safety and efficacy by performing clinical research. In this review, we attempt to delineate the different types of clinical research and their implications.
American Journal of Clinical Medicine Research. 2021, 9(2), 36-42. DOI: 10.12691/ajcmr-9-2-1
Pub. Date: August 30, 2021
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